Which chemical is commonly used in hair straightening products?

Sodium hydroxide is commonly used in hair straightening products due to its strong alkaline properties, which allow it to break down the protein structure of the hair. When applied correctly, it facilitates the straightening of curly or wavy hair by opening the cuticle and allowing for a reshaping of the hair's natural texture. This chemical is effective in relaxing the hair, making it smoother and easier to style.

Hydrogen peroxide, while it has a role in hair treatments, is mainly used as a bleaching agent rather than specifically for straightening. Alcohols, typically found in some hair products, serve various functions such as solvents or preservatives, but they are not suitable for straightening. Aloe vera extract is renowned for its soothing and moisturizing properties, making it popular in hair care products, but it does not have the chemical capability to straighten hair.