North Carolina Cosmetic Arts Practice Exam

What is the primary effect of using glycolic acid in skin care?

1. It moisturizes the skin

2. It exfoliates the skin and promotes cell turnover

3. It protects against UV radiation

4. It soothes skin irritation

The correct answer is: It exfoliates the skin and promotes cell turnover

The primary effect of using glycolic acid in skin care is its ability to exfoliate the skin and promote cell turnover. Glycolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugar cane, known for its small molecular size that allows it to penetrate the skin effectively. This penetration leads to the dissolution of the bonds between dead skin cells, which facilitates their shedding from the surface of the skin. By increasing cellular turnover, glycolic acid helps to reveal fresher, healthier skin underneath, making it an essential ingredient for improving the texture and overall appearance of the skin. This process can also help reduce the visibility of fine lines, acne scars, and hyperpigmentation, contributing to a more even skin tone. While glycolic acid may indirectly contribute to skin hydration as it helps in the shedding of dead cells and may facilitate better penetration of moisturizers, its primary role is focused on exfoliation. It does not provide UV protection or specifically soothe skin irritation; those functions are typically offered by other ingredients in skin care products. Thus, glycolic acid’s main contribution to skin care routines is its exfoliating properties, making the choice centered on its role in promoting cell turnover particularly relevant.